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Molecular mechanisms mediating involvement of glial cells in brain plastic remodeling in epilepsy

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Abstract

In this review we summarize published data on the involvement of glial cells in molecular mechanisms underlying brain plastic reorganization in epilepsy. The role of astrocytes as glial elements in pathological plasticity in epilepsy is discussed. Data on the involvement of aquaporin-4 in epileptogenic plastic changes and on participation of microglia and extracellular matrix in dysregulation of synaptic transmission and plastic remodeling in epileptic brain tissue are reviewed.

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Abbreviations

ADAMTS:

a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs

AMPA:

α-amino-3-hydroxy-5methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid

AQP:

aquaporins

AQP4:

aquaporin-4 receptor

BDNF:

brain-derived neurotrophic factor

CNS:

central nervous system

CSPGs:

chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans

ECM:

extracellular matrix

ECS:

extracellular space

EPSP:

excitatory postsynaptic potential

GABA:

gamma-aminobutyric acid

HAPLN1:

hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1

LPS:

lipopolysaccharide

LTD:

longterm depression

LTP:

long-term potentiation

mGluRs:

metabotropic glutamate receptors

ММР:

matrix metalloproteases

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

PDS:

paroxysmal depolarization shift

PNN:

perineuronal net

PV+ :

parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons

SE:

status epilepticus

SIC:

slow inward currents

TLR4:

toll-like receptor 4

tPA:

tissue plasminogen activator

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  1. Department of Brain Research, Research Center of Neurology, 105064, Moscow, Russia

    L. G. Khaspekov & L. E. Frumkina

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  1. L. G. Khaspekov
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Correspondence to L. G. Khaspekov.

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Original Russian Text © L. G. Khaspekov, L. E. Frumkina, 2017, published in Biokhimiya, 2017, Vol. 82, No. 3, pp. 528-541.

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Khaspekov, L.G., Frumkina, L.E. Molecular mechanisms mediating involvement of glial cells in brain plastic remodeling in epilepsy. Biochemistry Moscow 82, 380–391 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297917030178

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297917030178

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